Dynamic blood presepsin levels are associated with severity and outcome of acute pancreatitis: A prospective cohort study

Table 5 Comparison of clinical characteristics between survival and non-survival groups

Characteristic	28-d survival outcome		P value
	Survival (n = 126)	Non-survival (n = 7)
Demographics
Male, %	79 (62.7)	7 (100.0)	0.051
Age, yr	65 (54-75)	75 (54-82)	0.417
Comorbidities
CHF, %	19 (18.1)	0 (0)	1.000
COPD, %	2 (1.9)	1 (25.0)	0.107
Diabetes, %	24 (22.9)	1 (25.0)	1.000
Immunosuppression, %	7 (6.7)	1 (25.0)	0.266
Etiology			0.634
Gallstones, %	80 (63.5)	4 (57.1)
Hypertryglyceridemia, %	11 (8.7)	1 (14.3)
Alcohol, %	4 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
Post-ERCP, %	15 (11.9)	0 (0.0)
Idiopathic, %	16 (12.7)	2 (28.6)
Scoring
BISAP score at admission	1.0 (1.0-2.0)	3.0 (2.0-4.0)	0.003
Ranson score at 48 h	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	5.0 (4.0-8.0)	< 0.001
CTSI score	2.0 (2.0-4.0)	4.0 (4.0-4.0)	0.181
APACHE II score at admission	8.0 (4.8-11.0)	19.0 (15.0-31.0)	< 0.001
Imaging
Pancreatic necrosis, %	13 (10.3)	1 (14.3)	0.550
Mechanical ventilation, %	0 (0.0)	3 (42.9)	< 0.001
CRRT, %	0 (0.0)	1 (14.3)	0.053
Length of hospital stay in d	11 (9-14)	13 (5-21)	0.568
Outcomes
Single organ failure, %	27 (22.1)	3 (100.0)	0.013
Multiple organ failure, %	4 (4.0)	4 (100.0)	< 0.001
Cost in $	4718.99 (3065.47-7104.78)	22243.29 (10432.63-36309.99)	0.001

Data are presented as n (%), or median (25^th-75^th percentile). CHF: Chronic heart failure; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; BISAP: Bedside index of severity in acute pancreatitis; CTSI: Computed tomography severity index; APACHE: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; CRRT: Continuous renal replacement therapy.