Trends in hospitalization for alcoholic hepatitis from 2011 to 2017: A USA nationwide study

Table 5 Multivariable logistic regression on death during hospitalization among alcoholic hepatitis-related admission¹ from 2011 to 2017

Variables	Levels	Odds ratio
		Estimate	95% confidence interval	P after Bonferroni correction2
Age groups (yr)	< 25	1.0		Reference
	25-44	1.89	1.28-2.79	0.039
	45-64	2.85	1.93-4.21	< 0.0001
	65/65+	3.55	2.4-5.25	< 0.0001
Sex	Male	Reference
	Female	1.13	1.09-1.17	< 0.0001
Race	White	1.0		Reference
	Black	0.82	0.77-0.86	< 0.0001
	Hispanic	0.94	0.9-0.98	0.20
	Asian or Pacific Islander	0.92	0.8-1.07	1.00
	Native American	1.04	0.94-1.15	1.00
	Other	1.12	1.02-1.22	0.36
Primary expected payer	Medicare	1.0		Reference
	Medicaid	1.12	1.07-1.18	0.00020
	Private including HMO	1.11	1.06-1.17	0.00025
	Self-pay	1.37	1.29-1.45	< 0.0001
	No charge	0.92	0.78-1.09	1.00
	Other	1.45	1.34-1.57	< 0.0001
Median household income national quartile for patient ZIP code	$1-$38999	1.0		Reference
	$39000-$47999	0.98	0.94-1.02	1.00
	$48000-$62999	0.95	0.92-1	0.84
	$63000 or more	0.9	0.86-0.94	0.00021
Bed size of hospital	Small	1.0		Reference
	Medium	1.2	1.14-1.26	< 0.0001
	Large	1.3	1.25-1.37	< 0.0001
Region of hospital	Northeast	1.0		Reference
	Midwest	0.91	0.87-0.96	0.0062
	South	1	0.96-1.05	1.00
	West	1.08	1.03-1.14	0.023
Location/teaching status of hospital	Rural	1.0		Reference
	Urban non-teaching	1.03	0.97-1.1	1.00
	Urban teaching	1.08	1.02-1.15	0.28
Sepsis	Yes	3.33	3.2-3.47	< 0.0001
GI hemorrhage	Yes	2.31	2.22-2.4	< 0.0001
Acute renal failure	Yes	7.19	6.96-7.42	< 0.0001

¹Outcome is death during hospitalization (n = 1901436).

²P value adjusted by Bonferroni correction to account for multiple testing.

GI: Gastrointestinal; HMO: Health Maintenance Organization.