Epidemiological, clinical, and histological presentation of celiac disease in Northwest China

Table 4 Clinical signs and symptoms, celiac grading according to the presence of Helicobacter pylori in celiac disease patients

Symptom, sign, associatedcondition or, test	HP (+) (n = 24)	HP (-) (n = 26)	OR (95%CI)	P value
Chronic diarrhea	12 (50.0)	9 (34.6)	1.89 (0.61-5.89)	0.271
Abdominal pain	17 (70.8)	10 (38.5)	3.89 (1.19-12.68)	0.022
Abdominal distension	15 (62.5)	14(53.8)	1.43 (0.46-4.42)	0.536
Constipation	4 (16.7)	1 (3.8)	5.0 (0.52-48.34)	0.182
Anorexia	8 (33.3)	12 (46.2)	0.58 (0.19-1.84)	0.355
Vomit or/and nausea	11 (20.8)	7 (50.0)	2.30 (0.71-7.45)	0.164
Heartburn or/and acid reflux	8 (33.3)	4 (15.4)	2.75 (0.70-10.74)	0.138
Belch	6 (25.0)	7 (26.9)	0.91 (0.26-3.21)	0.877
Headache or/and dizziness	5 (20.8)	9 (34.6)	0.50 (0.14-1.78)	0.278
Anemia	8 (33.3)	12 (46.2)	0.58 (0.19-1.84)	0.355
Fatigue	11 (45.8)	13 (50.0)	0.85 (0.28-2.57)	0.768
Weight loss	10 (41.7)	14 (53.8)	0.61 (0.20-1.88)	0.389
Osteopenia or osteoporosis	20 (83.3)	18 (69.2)	2.22 (0.57-8.65)	0.243
Sleep disorder	11 (45.8)	12 (46.2)	0.99 (0.32-3.01)	0.982
Anxiety or/and depression	6 (25.0)	11 (42.3)	0.46 (0.14-1.52)	0.197
Celiac grading, No. (%)				0.032
Marsh grade 2 (n = 17)	12 (50.0)	5 (19.2)	1.0 (ref)
Marsh grade 3a (n = 16)	6 (25.0)	10 (38.5)	0.25 (0.06-1.07)
Marsh grade 3b (n = 13)	3 (12.5)	10 (38.5)	0.13 (0.02-0.66)
Marsh grade 3c (n = 4)	3 (12.5)	1 (3.8)	1.25 (0.10-15.11)

Patients may have one or more associated symptoms or conditions.