Focal adhesion kinase-related non-kinase ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting aerobic glycolysis via the FAK/Ras/c-myc/ENO1 pathway

Figure 4 Exogenous FRNK ameliorates experimental liver fibrosis and aerobic glycolysis in vitro. LX-2 cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein-carrying adenoviral vector (Ad-GFP) also encoding the FRNK gene. A: Cultured with TGF-β1 (2 ng/mL) for 36 h (10⁵ cells per well). Migration was measured by analyzing cells under a light microscope × 200 magnification; B: The proliferation of LX-2 cells cultured under the intervention conditions is presented; C: The apoptosis of LX-2 cells was analyzed after 36 h of intervention using flow cytometry; D and E: LX-2 cells cultured under the same intervention conditions were examined for glucose consumption and uptake abilities, and lactate levels in the cell culture medium were also assessed; F and G: Levels of pY397-FAK, MCT-1, ENO1 and α-SMA in LX-2 cells were detected using Western blotting. Representative results from three independent replicate assays are shown . ^aP < 0.05 and ^bP < 0.01. Results are presented as the mean ± SD.