Quantitative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging can aid non-alcoholic steatohepatitis diagnosis in a Japanese cohort

Table 1 Participant demographics

	Total (n = 145), mean ± SD (% of cohort)	NASH	NAFL
Total cohort (n)	145	87	58
Sex (male)	88 (60.7%)	46	42a
Age	60.2 ± 13.1	60.9 ± 13.2	59 ± 12.9
BMI average	28.8 ± 4.7	29.9 ± 4.4	27.1 ± 4.8c
Normal BMI (≥ 18.5 ≤ 22.9)	21.4 ± 1.6 (n = 17)	n = 6	n = 12
Overweight (≥ 23.0 ≤ 27.9)	25.6 ± 1.1 (n = 43)	n = 26	n = 26
Obese (≥ 27.5)	32.1 ± 3.2 (n = 82)	n = 55	n = 20
Blood serum tests
AST (IU/L)	47.8 ± 27.5	56.4 ± 29.8	34.8 ± 17.1c
ALT (IU/L)	59.8 ± 49.3	71.3 ± 51.5	42.6 ± 41.4c
GGT	85.9 ± 78.4	97.8 ± 85.8	69.3 ± 62.9b
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.86 ± 0.4	0.8 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.4
Platelets (× 104/μL)	19.4 ± 7.3	19.9 ± 7.5	18.8 ± 7
HbA1C (%)	6.5 ± 1.1	6.6 ± 1.0	6.5 ± 1.1
Fasting insulin (mU/mL)	20 ± 14.2	20.6 ± 11.6	19 ± 17.4
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)	124 ± 34.7	126.1 ± 32.5	120.8 ± 37.8
Albumin (g/dL)	4.3 ± 0.5	4.3 ± 0.4	4.2 ± 0.5
Non-invasive test
cT1	871 ± 102 (n = 143)	907 ± 90 (n = 87)	817 ± 96c (n = 56)
MR liver fat	11.4 ± 6.1 (n = 143)	13.6 ± 5.8 (n = 87)	8.1 ± 5.1c (n = 56)
CAP	294.3 ± 47.4 (n = 117)	309.1 ± 37.1 (n = 74)	268.9 ± 52.7c (n = 43)
VCTE-LSM	12.8 ± 9.5 (n = 117)	13 ± 8.4 (n = 74)	12.5 ± 11.1 (n = 43)
MRE	4.2 ± 1.7 (n = 144)	4.3 ± 1.5 (n = 88)	4.1 ± 1.9 (n = 56)
SE	9.3 ± 2.7 (n = 84)	9.6 ± 2.4 (n = 50)	8.8 ± 3.1 (n = 33)
Reported pre-existing conditions
Hypertensive	n = 71	n = 45	n = 26
Dyslipidaemic	n = 111	n = 72	n = 39
Reported as diabetic	n = 97	n = 59	n = 38

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) were patients with NASH clinical research network ≥ 4 with ballooning ≥ 1. Stars denote significance difference between those with NASH and non-alcoholic fatty liver these levels:

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001. MRE: Magnetic resonance elastography; CAP: Controlled-attenuation parameter; VCTE: Vibration-controlled transient elastography; cT1: Corrected T1; BMI: Body mass index; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NAFL: Non-alcoholic fatty liver.