Therapeutic resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Current challenges and future opportunities

Table 1 Landmark trials for approved pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapies

Treatment	Tumor characteristic	Primary endpoint	Ref.
Gemcitabine	Advanced PDAC	Median survival, 5.65 mo	Burris et al[3]
Gemcitabine + Erlotinib vs Gemcitabine	Locally Advanced or metastatic PDAC	Overall survival (OS), 6.24 mo vs 5.91 mo	Hoffmann et al[59]
FOLFIRINOX vs Gemcitabine	Metastatic PDAC	OS, 11.1 mo vs 6.8 mo	Conroy et al[4]
Gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel vs Gemcitabine	Metastatic PDAC	OS, 8.5 mo vs 6.7 mo	Couvelard et al[60]
Gemcitabine + Capacitabine vs Gemcitabine	Resectable PDAC	OS, 28 mo vs 25.5 mo	Neoptolemos et al[8]

PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.