Environmental perspectives of COVID-19 outbreaks: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Review

World J Gastroenterol. Sep 21, 2021; 27(35): 5822-5850
Published online Sep 21, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i35.5822

Table 1 Details of coronavirus (genus, species and receptor)

Genus	Species	Targets	Receptor
α-CoV	Alphacoronavirus 1:	Mammals
	Feline coronavirus serotype 2		Aminopeptidase N
	Canine coronavirus serotype 2		Aminopeptidase N
	Transmissible gastroenteritis virus		Aminopeptidase N
	Human coronavirus 229E		Aminopeptidase N
	Human coronavirus NL63		ACE2
	Porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus		Aminopeptidase N
	Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2
	Scotophilus bat coronavirus 512/05
	Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1
	Miniopterus bat coronavirus HKU8
β-CoV	Betacoronavirus 1:	Mammals
	Bovine coronavirus		Neu 5,9 Ac2
	Human coronavirus OC43		Neu 5,9 Ac2
	Equine coronavirus
	Human enteric coronavirus
	Porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus
	Canine respiratory coronavirus
	Murine coronavirus:
	Mouse hepatitis virus		CEACAM1
	Rat coronavirus
	Puffinosis virus
	Hedgehog coronavirus 1
	Human coronavirus HKU1
	Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
	Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5
	Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9
	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
	SARS-CoV
	SARS-CoV-2		ACE2
	Rhinolophus bat viruses
	Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4
γ-CoV	Avian coronavirus:	Birds
	IBV (turkey, pheasant, duck, goose and pigeon)
	Beluga Whale coronavirus SW1
δ-CoV	Bulbul coronavirus HKU11	Birds
	Thrush coronavirus HKU12
	Munia coronavirus HKU13
	Porcine coronavirus HKU15

ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Citation: Samanta P, Ghosh AR. Environmental perspectives of COVID-19 outbreaks: A review. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27(35): 5822-5850
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v27/i35/5822.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i35.5822

Samanta P, Ghosh AR. Environmental perspectives of COVID-19 outbreaks: A review. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27(35): 5822-5850 [PMID: 34629805 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i35.5822]

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