Asymptomatic small intestinal ulcerative lesions: Obesity and Helicobacter pylori are likely to be risk factors

Table 1 Reports of pretest small intestinal mucosal breaks in normal volunteers

Country	Year	No.	Subjects with mucosal breaks		Mean number of mucosal breaks		Ref.
			Number	%	Subjects with MB	All subjects
United States	2005	413	571	13.81	N/A	N/A	Goldstein et al[10], 2005
United States	2007	472	56	11.9	N/A	N/A	Goldstein et al[11], 2007
Japan	2009	32	3	9.4	1.7	0.16	Fujimori et al[12], 2009
Canada	2009	20	0	0	0	0	Smecuol et al[13], 2009
Japan	2010	20	2	10.0	1-2	0.1-0.2	Shiotani et al[14], 2010
Japan	2011	72	4	5.6	1.0	0.56	Fujimori et al[4], 2011
Japan	2013	32	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.1-0.3	Kuramoto et al[15], 2013
China	2014	30	2	6.7	3.5	0.23	Huang et al[16], 2014
Japan	2014	30	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.14 ± 0.54	Umegaki et al[17], 2014
Japan	2016	141	14	9.9	3.5	0.35	Fujimori et al[5], 2016
Japan	2015	37	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.1-0.3	Kojima et al[18], 2015
Czech	2016	42	2	4.7	N/A	N/A	Tachecí et al[19], 2016
Japan	2016	19	2	10.5	1.0	0.11	Arimoto et al[20], 2016
Japan	2016	45	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.13	Ota et al[21], 2016
Japan	2019	24	0	0	0	0	Ota et al[22], 2019

¹Lesion type unknown. Reports with 15 or more subjects and reports on premedication lesions were collected. MB: Mucosal break; N/A: Not available.