Development of a computed tomography-based radiomics nomogram for prediction of transarterial chemoembolization refractoriness in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 4 Multivariate stepwise backward Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated by transarterial chemoembolization in the training cohort

Variable	Hazard ratio ratio	95%CI	B	Score	P value (Cox regression)
Before treatment
BCLC stage
A	1		0	0
B	2.3	1.2-3.1	0.39	1	0.032
Irregular tumor margin
Absent	1		0	0
Present	1.9	0.7-3.3	0.42	1	0.028
Largest tumor size (cm)
< 5	1		0	0
≥ 5	1.7	0.6-2.9	0.47	1	0.017
Tumor number
Solitary	1		0	0
Multiple	2.1	1.1-3.1	0.33	1	0.021
Radiomics score
< 0.1	1		0	0
≥ 0.1	3.9	3.1-8.8	1.72	3	< 0.001

The regression coefficients (B) in multivariate-Cox regression analysis were multiplied by 2 and rounded to calculate the radiomics-clinical score. The radiomics-clinical model used the median value (3.5) of total score (7) to stratify patients into high and low-risk group. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; B: B regression coefficient; CI: Confidence interval.