Development of a computed tomography-based radiomics nomogram for prediction of transarterial chemoembolization refractoriness in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 3 Univariate analysis of prognostic factors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated by transarterial chemoembolization in the training cohort

Variable	n	Overall survival (mo)		P value
		Median	95%CI
Before treatment
Age (yr)				0.213
< 60	87	19.8	16.8-23.4
≥ 60	50	17.6	14.3-21.1
Sex				0.178
Male	91	15.4	12.5-19.6
Female	46	19.6	14.3-23.1
HBsAg status				0.121
Positive	110	14.9	12.3-19.2
Negative	27	18.1	14.1-22.8
Child-Pugh stage
Child-Pugh class				0.301
A	84	23.5	19.1-32.4
B	53	19.8	13.7-23.8
Largest tumor size (cm)				0.032
< 5	91	19.6	19.7-24.2
≥ 5	46	14.1	14.1-18.8
Tumor number				0.029
Solitary	89	19.1	17.4-22.7
Multiple	48	14.7	13.8-18.1
BCLC stage				0.033
A	20	26.7	22.3-31.2
B	117	16.1	13.7-24.2
AFP (IU/mL)				0.041
< 200	29	20.7	17.2-29.4
≥ 200	108	16.8	9.5-18.2
ECOG performance status score				0.195
0	42	21.6	13.2-26.7
1	85	19.3	10.3-24.4
2	10	17.1	9.1-22.3
AST (U/L)				0.261
< 40	50	18.3	15.2-23.7
≥ 40	87	16.9	12.3-22.9
Irregular tumor margin				0.018
Absent	62	20.5	14.7-27.2
Present	75	12.6	8.7-16.4
Capsule				0.087
Absent	67	16.7	12.1-22.4
Present	70	19.3	13.5-25.1
Radiomics score				0.003
< 0.1	102	23.3	19.8-28.6
≥ 0.1	35	10.3	6.5-14.3

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; CI: Confidence interval.