Development of a computed tomography-based radiomics nomogram for prediction of transarterial chemoembolization refractoriness in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate-Cox regression analyses of prognostic factors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated by transarterial chemoembolization in the training cohort

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis				Score
Before first TACE	Hazard ratio	95%CI	P value	Hazard ratio	95%CI	P value	B
Age (yr), < 60/≥ 60	0.781	0.324-1.012	0.124
Sex, male/female	0.891	0.456-1.213	0.211
HBsAg status, positive/negative	0.671	0.319-0.987	0.121
Child-Pugh class, A/B	1.178	0.614-1.418	0.256
Largest tumor size (cm), < 5/≥ 5	1.619	1.671-2.341	0.005	1.312	0.981-1.992	< 0.001	0.4168	1
Tumor number, solitary/multiple	1.987	1.561-2.354	0.007	1.289	1.481-2.002	< 0.001	0.3178	1
BCLC stage, A/B	1.671	1.319-1.987	<0.001	1.789	1.289-2.112	< 0.001	0.4288	1
AFP (IU/mL), < 200/≥ 200	0.678	0.214-1.018	0.128
ECOG performance status score, 0/1/2	1.102	0.781-1.456	0.199
AST (U/L), < 40/≥ 40	0.543	0.178-0.967	0.089
Irregular tumor margin, absent/present	1.562	1.211-1.897	< 0.001	1.457	1.090-2.089	< 0.001	0.404	1
Capsule, absent/present	1.432	1.121-1.976	0.032	1.321	1.007-1.764	0.082

The regression coefficients (B) in multivariate-Cox regression analysis were multiplied by 2 and rounded to calculate the clinical score. The clinical model used the median value (2) of total score (4) to stratify patients into high and low-risk group. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; TACE, Transarterial chemoembolization; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; CI: Confidence interval.