Risk factors and prognostic value of acute severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding in Crohn’s disease

Table 2 Risk factors of acute severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with Crohn’s disease

	Univariate analysis		Multivariable analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age at diagnosis	1.01 (0.98-1.03)	0.663
Sex
Male	Reference		Reference
Female	0.51 (0.28-0.95)	0.035	0.51 (0.27-0.94)	0.031
Disease location at diagnosis
Colon	Reference		Reference
Ileum	7.56 (1.04-55.26)	0.046	6.58 (0.90-48.12)	0.063
Ileocolon	3.60 (0.50-26.22)	0.206	3.86 (0.53-28.09)	0.182
Upper GI modifier at diagnosis
No	Reference
Yes	0.78 (0.45-1.38)	0.401
Disease behavior at diagnosis
Non-stricturing, non-penetrating	Reference
Stricturing	1.10 (0.58-2.10)	0.763
Penetrating	0.45 (0.18-1.13)	0.067
Perianal modifier at diagnosis
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.71 (0.45-1.12)	0.142	0.74 (0.42-1.19)	0.209
Smoking status at diagnosis
Never smokers	Reference
Ex-smokers	0.59 (0.18-1.88)	0.368
Current smokers	0.93 (0.56-1.55)	0.783
Early use of medications
Corticosteroids	0.94 (0.57-1.58)	0.840
Thiopurines	0.17 (0.09-0.34)	0.001	0.23 (0.12-0.48)	< 0.001
Anti-TNF agents	0.41 (0.12-3.21)	0.560

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; GI: Gastrointestinal; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.