Remaining issues of recommended management in current guidelines for asymptomatic common bile duct stones

Table 2 Summary of studies comparing the risks of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related complications for asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with common bile duct stones

Ref.	Study design	Patients, n		Overall, complications (%)		PEP (%)
		Asymptomatic group	Symptomatic group	Asymptomatic group	Symptomatic group	Asymptomatic group	Symptomatic group
Kim et al[9], 2016	Single-center retrospective	32	536	15.6	10.4	12.5a	3.9
Saito et al[10], 2017	Multicenter retrospective	67	536	26.9a	3.9	16.4a	2.2
Saito et al[11], 2019	Multicenter retrospective	164	949	19.5a	6.2	14.6a	3.0
Xu et al[12], 2019	Single-center prospective	53	274	26.4a	11.7	20.8a	6.9
Xiao et al[13], 2021	Single-center retrospective	79	795	13.3	9.7	7.6	6.9

^aStatistically significant difference. ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; PEP: Postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.