T-tube vs no T-tube for biliary tract reconstruction in adult orthotopic liver transplantation: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 4 Sensitivity analysis of outcomes (only randomized control trials included)

Period	Outcome	Studies	participants	Effect size OR, 95%CI (fixed/random)	Heterogeneity	Test for overall effect (fixed/random)	Publication bias	Study quality1	Favors
1995-2010	Overall biliarycomplications	5	639	1.15 [0.28, 4.72]	I2 = 92.2% (bP = 0.001)	Z = 0.19/(P = 0.85)	Egger: Bias = 2.63; P = 0.71	3 × 4, 2 × 1	None
	Bile leak	5	639	0.56 [0.28, 1.13]	I2 = 0.0% (P = 0.72)	Z = 1.62/(P = 0.11)	Egger: Bias = 1.72; P = 0.08	3 × 4, 2 × 1	None
	Biliary stricture	5	639	0.45 [0.24, 0.85]	I2 = 0.0% (P = 0.46)	Z = 2.47/(aP = 0.014)	Egger: Bias= -2.78; P = 0.10	3 × 4, 2 × 1	With T-tube
	Cholangitis	4	541	1.83 [0.36, 9.41]	I2 = 65.6% (aP = 0.03)	Z = 0.72/(P = 0.47)	Egger: Bias = 3.39; P = 0.054	3 × 4	None
2010-2020	Bile leak	3	277	1.38 [0.34, 5.65]	I2 = 50.9% (P = 0.13)	Z = 0.45/(P = 0.66)	Egger: Bias = -1.94; P = 0.62	3 × 2, 2 × 1	None
	Biliary stricture	3	277	0.63 [0.06, 6.99]	I2 = 80.3% (aP = 0.01)	Z = 0.38/(P = 0.71)	Egger: Bias = 1.08; P = 0.92	3 × 2, 2 × 1	None

¹Jadad scores × study number.

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

Odds ratio < 1 indicates the use of a T-tube. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.