Cytapheresis re-induces high-rate steroid-free remission in patients with steroid-dependent and steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis

Table 3 Previous studies examining the efficacy of cytapheresis in refractory ulcerative colitis

Ref.	Refractory type	Number of patients	Evaluation items1	Rate of remission (evaluation time)	Rate of steroid- free remission (evaluation time)
Naganuma et al[44] (2004)	SR	10	Induction	Severe 20%, moderate 70%
Giampaolo et al[45] (2006)	SR	8	Induction, sustained remission	100%	100%, 12.5% (12 mo)
Ricart et al[46] (2007)	SD	20	Induction, sustained remission	42.1% (17 wk)	36.8% (17 wk), 85.7% (12 mo)
Cabriada et al[47] (2010)	SD	18	Induction, sustained remission		55% (1 mo), 75% (12 mo)
Cabriada et al[48] (2012)	SD	142	Induction, sustained remission		37% (1 mo), 51%2 (12 mo)
Sacco et al[49] (2013)	SD + SR	83 (SD 55, SR 28)	Induction, sustained remission	71%, 48% (12 mo)
Yokoyama et al[43] (2014)	SD + SR	401 (SD 229, SR 172)	Induction	SD: 64.6% (2 wk), SR: 70.9 (2 wk)
Dignass et al[50] (2016)	SD	86	Induction	39.3% (12 wk)	22.6% (12 wk)
Imperiali et al[51] (2017)	SD	33	Induction		36% (12 mo)
Dignass et al[52] (2018)	SD	95	Induction	34.0% (24 wk), 33.0% (48 wk)	19.2% (24 wk), 19.2% (48 wk)
Domènech et al[53] (2018)	SD	63	Induction		13% (24 wk)
Present study	SD + SR	55 (SD 33, SR 21)	Induction, sustained remission	SD: 69.7% (4 wk), SR: 66.7% (4 wk)	SD: 42.4% (4 wk) SR: 47.6% (4 wk); SD: 69.2% (12 mo), SR: 63.6% (12mo)

¹Evaluation items, which include Induction (evaluation for induction of remission or steroid-free remission) and sustained remission (evaluation for maintenance of sustained remission or steroid-free remission).

²Rate of sustained steroid-free remission in the patients with no additional apheresis. SR: Steroid refractory; SD: Steroid dependent.