Perioperative blood transfusion decreases long-term survival in pediatric living donor liver transplantation

Table 5 Comparative analysis of type and grade of postoperative complications along the four periods of follow-up

Complication		Hospitalization			1 yr			5 yr			10 yr
Type	Grade	LTr	HTr	P value	LTr	HTr	P value	LTr	HTr	P value	LTr	HTr	P value
Bleeding (%)	Minor	1(0.4)	6(1.1)	0.252	5(0.9)	11(1.3)	0.61	5(0.5)	13(0.9)	0.237	5(0.5)	13(0.9)	0.236
	Major	0(0)	9(1.8)	0.211	1(0.2)	9(1.0)	0.465	1(0.1)	9(0.7)	0.467	1(0.1)	9(0.6)	0.297
	Subtotal	1(0.4)	15(2.9)	0.016	6(1.1)	20(2.3)	0.178	6(0.6)	22(1.6)	0.052	6(0.6)	22(1.4)	0.068
Cardiovascular (%)	Minor	17(6.5)	29(5.6)	0.754	19(3.6)	32(3.6)	0.662	24(2.6)	39(2.8)	0.518	25(2.5)	42(2.7)	0.381
	Major	0(0)	17(3.3)	0.028	0(0)	18(2.0)	0.017	0(0)	18(1.3)	0.005	0(0)	18(1.2)	0.005
	Subtotal	17(6.5)	46(8.9)	0.319	19(3.6)	50(5.8)	0.098	24(2.6)	57(4.1)	0.075	25(2.5)	60(3.9)	0.282
Dermatologic (%)	Minor	9(3.4)	5(1.0)	0.093	25(4.7)	16(1.8)	0.009	52(5.6)	58(4.1)	0.322	59(5.8)	71(4.6)	0.583
	Major	0(0)	1(0.2)	1	1(0.2)	1(0.1)	0.406	7(0.8)	10(0.7)	0.168	8(0.8)	10(0.7)	0.114
	Subtotal	9(3.4)	6(1.2)	0.049	26(4.9)	17(1.9)	0.003	59(6.4)	68(4.8)	0.134	67(6.6)	81(5.3)	0.209
Gastrointestinal (%)	Minor	5(1.9)	13(2.5)	0.336	15(2.8)	30(3.4)	0.353	30(3.3)	44(3.1)	0.721	33(3.2)	49(3.2)	0.65
	Major	0(0)	1(0.2)	1	1(0.2)	4(0.5)	1	3(0.3)	6(0.5)	0.704	3(0.3)	6(0.4)	0.713
	Subtotal	5(1.9)	14(2.7)	0.627	16(3.0)	34(3.9)	0.488	33(3.6)	50(3.6)	1	36(3.5)	55(3.6)	1
Infectious (%)	Minor	21(8)	32(6.1)	1	86(16.2)	116(13.2)	0.577	188(20.3)	235(16.7)	0.434	207(20.3)	257(16.8)	0.394
	Major	32(12.2)	82(15.8)	0.013	43(8.1)	106(12.1)	0.028	56(6.0)	132(9.4)	0.02	60(5.9)	133(8.7)	0.022
	Subtotal	53(20.2)	114(21.9)	0.66	129(24.3)	222(25.3)	0.729	244(26.3)	367(26.1)	0.948	267(26.2)	390(25.5)	0.743
Malignancy (%)	Minor	0(0)	0(0)	1	4(0.8)	9(1.0)	0.576	13(1.4)	32(2.3)	0.067	13(1.3)	35(2.3)	0.027
	Major	0(0)	0(0)	1	4(0.8)	3(0.3)	0.058	9(1.0)	13(0.9)	0.137	11(1.1)	14(0.9)	0.07
	Subtotal	0(0)	0(0)	1	8(1.6)	12(1.4)	1	22(2.4)	45(3.2)	0.296	24(2.4)	49(3.2)	0.253
Metabolic (%)	Minor	86(32.8)	134(25.7)	0.786	89(16.8)	140(16.0)	0.494	96(10.4)	146(10.4)	0.329	102(10.0)	151(9.9)	0.416
	Major	1(0.4)	0(0)	0.207	2(0.4)	0(0)	0.052	2(0.2)	0(0)	0.069	2(0.2)	0(0)	0.077
	Subtotal	87(33.2)	134(25.7)	0.085	91(17.2)	140(16.0)	0.605	98(10.6)	146(10.4)	0.942	104(10.2)	151(9.9)	0.846
Miscellany (%)	Minor	8(3.1)	25(4.8)	0.067	30(5.7)	48(5.5)	0.093	66(7.2)	71(5.1)	0.179	73(7.2)	74(4.8)	0.1
	Major	1(0.4)	5(1.0)	1	3(0.6)	7(0.8)	0.702	4(0.4)	14(1.0)	0.792	5(0.5)	14(0.9)	1
	Subtotal	9(3.5)	30(5.8)	0.217	33(6.3)	55(6.3)	1	70(7.6)	85(6.1)	0.18	78(7.7)	88(5.8)	0.07
Neuropsyquiatric (%)	Minor	3(1.1)	2(0.4)	0.391	7(1.3)	4(0.5)	0.135	17(1.8)	14(1.0)	0.2	24(2.4)	23(1.5)	0.297
	Major	1(0.4)	1(0.2)	0.371	1(0.2)	1(0.1)	0.406	1(0.1)	1(0.1)	0.459	2(0.2)	1(0.1)	0.188
	Subtotal	4(1.5)	3(0.6)	0.169	8(1.5)	5(0.6)	0.134	18(1.9)	15(1.1)	0.116	26(2.6)	24(1.6)	0.109
PNF (%)	Minor	0(0)	0(0)	1	0(0)	0(0)	1	0(0)	0(0)	1	0(0)	0(0)	1
	Major	0(0)	5(1.0)	0.587	0(0)	5(0.6)	0.593	0(0)	5(0.4)	0.332	0(0)	5(0.3)	0.329
	Subtotal	0(0)	5(1.0)	0.175	0(0)	5(0.6)	0.164	0(0)	5(0.4)	0.164	0(0)	5(0.3)	0.164
Rejection (%)	Minor	40(15.3)	32(6.1)	0.004	73(13.8)	66(7.5)	0.003	111(12.0)	102(7.3)	0.106	117(11.5)	125(8.2)	0.03
	Major	0(0)	1(0.2)	1	1(0.2)	4(0.5)	1	4(0.4)	8(0.6)	0.526	5(0.5)	8(0.5)	0.363
	Subtotal	40(15.3)	33(6.3)	<0.001	74(14.0)	70(8.0)	<0.001	115(12.4)	110(7.9)	<0.001	122(12.0)	133(8.7)	<0.001
Renal (%)	Minor	2(0.8)	3(0.6)	1	3(0.6)	3(0.3)	0.693	4(0.4)	3(0.2)	0.469	4(0.4)	4(0.3)	0.731
	Major	2(0.8)	5(1.0)	0.637	2(0.4)	7(0.8)	1	5(0.5)	9(0.7)	0.535	5(0.5)	9(0.6)	0.547
	Subtotal	4(1.6)	8(1.6)	1	5(1.0)	10(1.1)	0.796	9(0.9)	12(0.9)	0.945	9(0.9)	13(0.9)	1
Respiratory (%)	Minor	8(3.1)	24(4.6)	0.093	75(14.2)	110(12.6)	0.934	161(17.4)	247(17.6)	0.141	177(17.4)	261(17.1)	0.106
	Major	7(2.7)	36(6.9)	0.539	9(1.7)	53(6.0)	0.096	14(1.5)	70(5.0)	0.029	15(1.5)	71(4.7)	0.017
	Subtotal	15(5.8)	60(11.5)	0.014	84(15.9)	163(18.6)	0.217	175(18.9)	317(22.6)	0.038	192(18.9)	332(21.8)	0.041
Surgical (%)	Minor	8(3.1)	9(1.8)	0.617	19(3.6)	23(2.6)	0.631	33(3.6)	49(3.5)	0.732	43(4.2)	66(4.3)	0.487
	Major	10(3.8)	44(8.4)	0.711	12(2.3)	51(5.8)	0.509	20(2.2)	56(4.0)	1	20(2.0)	58(3.8)	0.682
	Subtotal	18(6.9)	53(10.2)	0.166	31(5.9)	74(8.4)	0.092	53(5.8)	105(7.5)	0.118	63(6.2)	124(8.1)	0.079
Total minor complications (%)		208(79.4)	314(60.3)	<0.001	450(84.9)	608(69.3)	<0.001	800(86.4)	1053(75.0)	<0.001	882(86.6)	1171(76.7)	<0.001
Total major complications (%)		54(20.6)	207(39.7)		80(15.1)	269(30.7)		126(13.6)	351(25.0)		137(13.4)	356(23.3)
Total complications per group (%)		262(33,5)	521(66,5)		530(37,7)	877(62,3)		926(39,7)	1404(60,3)		1019(40,0)	1527(60,0)
Total complications per period (%)		783(30,8)			1407(55,3)			2330(91,5)			2546(100)

HTr: High-volume transfusion group; LTr: Low-volume transfusion group; PNF: Primary non-function.