Proteomic insights on the metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease

Table 2 Proteomics in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis

Protein	Setting	Diagnostic accuracy	Ref.
Lactotransferrin	UC vs HC biopsies	It correlates to the colon inflammation grade score	Bennike et al[53], 2015
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)		Sign of chronic inflammation
Granzyme B and Perforin	CD Th1 and Th17 clones from intestinal mucosa	Higher in Th1 vs Th17	Riaz et al[58], 2016
RORC and FOXP3
Glycerol-3-phosphatedehydrogenase	UC biopsies inflamed vs non-inflamed	Higher in inflamed vs non-inflamed tissue	Poulsen et al[60], 2012
Alphaenolase		Lower in inflamed vs non- inflamed tissue
Keratins 10, 14, 19	UC intestinal epithelial cells	Higher in QUC vs HC	Moriggi et al[61], 2017
Keratin 8		Lower in QUC vs HC
Tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes
Oxidative phosphorylation enzymes
Vinculin and α-tubulin
Keratin 8, 18	CD intestinal epithelial cells	Lower in QCD vs HC
Heat shock cognate-70 (HSC70)
Vinculin and α-tubulin		Higher in QCD vs HC
Fibrinopeptide A (FPA)	CD serum	Higher in CD vs HC	Nanni et al[62], 2009
Complement 3 protein (C3)
Apolipoprotein A-IV
Apolipoprotein E		Lower in CD vs HC
L-lactate dehydrogenase	IBD and HC intestinal epithelial cells	Higher in IBD vs HC; Higher in CD vs UC	Shkoda et al[63], 2007
Carbonyl reductase
Keratin 19
Rho-GDI dissociation inhibitor α
Annexin 2	UC intestinal epithelial cells	Higher in UC vs HC
Programmed cell death protein 8 (PDCD8)

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; QCD: Quiescent Crohn’s disease; QUC: Quiescent ulcerative colitis; HC: Healthy controls; CRC: Colorectal carcinoma.