Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 28, 2020; 26(44): 7046-7060
Published online Nov 28, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i44.7046
Table 1 Demographic, clinical, biochemical, and pharmacological characteristics of the study population (n = 101) and univariate analyses by outcome status, that is presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Variable
Total cohort (n = 101)
NAFLD (n = 40)
No NAFLD (n = 61)
Age (yr)36.3 (4.8)36.1 (5.6)36.4 (4.3)
PCOS duration (yr)7.0 (4.1)7.4 (4.4)6.8 (3.9)
Regular physical exercise (%)20 (19.8)8 (20.0)12 (19.7)
ASCVD risk (lifetime)0.28 (0.12)0.31 (0.11)a0.26 (0.13)a
Metabolic factors
Diabetes (%)18 (17.8)12 (30.0)a6 (9.8)a
Hypertension (%)6 (5.9)1 (2.5)5 (8.2)
Waist circumference (cm)101.1 (12.3)107.8 (11.1)b96.7 (11.1)b
BMI (Kg/m2)27.6 (5.0)30.6 (4.5)b25.7 (4.4)b
Medications
Metformin (%)32 (31.7)20 (50.0)a12 (19.7)a
Steroids contraceptive (%)5 (4.9)2 (5.0)3 (4.9)
Statin (%)5 (4.9)5 (12.5)0
Biochemical parameters
Platelet count (109/L)271.9 (59.5)271.9 (54.7)271.9 (62.9)
AST (IU/L)18.6 (11.8)23.5 (17.2)b15.3 (3.9)b
ALT (IU/L)21.7 (18.7)30.9 (25.7)b15.7 (8.0)b
GGT (IU/L)21.4 (19.1)24.8 (16.8)19.3 (20.4)
Total bilirubin (µmol/L)9 (2.9)9.8 (3.6)a8.5 (2.2)a
Albumin (mg/L)43.0 (2.9)42.9 (3.0)43.0 (2.8)
HOMA-IR3.2 (2.9)4.5 (3.3)b2.4 (2.2)b
HbA1c (%)6.4 (1.8)6.9 (2.1)b5.6 (0.6)b
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)4.5 (1.0)4.5 (1.0)4.5 (0.9)
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)1.1 (0.3)1.1 (0.3)a1.2 (0.3)a
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)2.7 (0.8)2.6 (0.9)2.7 (0.7)
Triglycerides (mmol/L)1.5 (1.2)1.8 (1.0)1.4 (1.3)
Creatinine (mmol/L)56.8 (10.1)55.2 (8.9)57.9 (10.8)
TSH2.6 (2.7)2.6 (2.5)2.5 (2.8)
Total testosterone (nmol/L)1.6 (0.7)1.8 (0.8)1.6 (0.6)
SHBG (nmol/L)32.2 (20.6)22.4 (9.7)b39.1 (23.3)b
FAI3.6 (3.7)5.4 (4.6)b2.4 (2.1)b
CRP (mg/L)5.3 (4.9)6.9 (6.2)a4.3 (3.5)a
Non-invasive tests for NAFLD and liver fibrosis
CAP (dB/m)266.9 (63.0)326.9 (30.5)227.5 (45.1)
LSM (kPa)4.9 (1.9)5.7 (2.2)b4.4 (1.4)b
APRI0.18 (0.15)0.23 (0.21)a0.15 (0.07)a
FIB-40.6 (0.2)0.60 (0.3)0.6 (0.2)
NAFLD Fibrosis Score-2.9 (1.2)-2.5 (1.3)a-3.1 (1.1)a
HSI38.3 (5.7)40.8 (6.7)b36.6 (4.2)b