Systematic review of the prevalence and development of osteoporosis or low bone mineral density and its risk factors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Study characteristics

Ref.	Publication year	Country of study	Type of study	DXA scan1	No. of patients	Average age of patients	Cohort	Control group	Follow- up	Comments
Andreassen et al[1]	1998	Denmark	Cross-sectional study inviting all IBD patients from a well-defined area	Yes	115	37 (16-75); median (range)	CD only	No	No
Andreassen et al[2]	1999	Denmark	Cross-sectional case-control study inviting all IBD patients from a well-defined area	Yes	113	37 (16-75); median (range)	CD only	Yes; n = 113	No	Same cohort used as in Andreassen et al[14] (1998)
Bernstein et al[3]	20032	United States	Cross-sectional data extracted from population-based Manitoba IBD research registry	Yes	70; UC: n = 12; CD: n = 58	33.0 (7.4); mean (SD)	UC and CD	No	No	Includes only premenopausal women
Bernstein et al[4]	20033	United States	Cross-sectional data extracted from population-based Manitoba IBD research registry	Yes	66 (DXA results: n = 70); UC: n = 11; CD: n = 55	33.3 (18-44); mean (range)	UC and CD	No	No	Includes only premenopausal women. Same cohort used as in Bernstein (2002)
Haugeberg et al[5]	2001	Norway	Cross-sectional data from a population-based study. Case control study	Yes	55	38.5 (12.7); mean (SD)	CD only	Yes; n = 52	No
Jahnsen et al[6]	1997	Norway	Cross-sectional case control study	Yes	60	36 (21-75); median (range)	CD only	Yes; n = 60	No	Includes a cohort of UC patients that is not population-based which was therefore not included
Jahnsen et al[7]	2004	Norway	Follow-up study	Yes	60	36 (21-75); median (range)	CD only	No	Yes	Includes a cohort of UC patients that is not population-based which was therefore not included
									2 yr	Same cohort used as in Jahnsen (1997)
Leslie et al[8]	2008	Canada	Follow-up study with cohort extracted from population-based Manitoba IBD research registry	Yes	101; UC: n = 45; CD: n = 56	46.9 (15.5); mean (SD)	UC and CD	No	Yes; 2.3 ± 0.3 yr
Leslie et al[9]	2009	Canada	Follow-up study with cohort extracted from population-based Manitoba IBD research registry	Yes	101 UC: n = 45 CD: n = 56	47 (15); mean (SD)	UC and CD	No	Yes; 2.3 ± 0.3 yr	Same cohort used as in Leslie et al[19] (2008)
Schoon et al[10]	2000	The Netherlands	Cross-sectional cohort	Yes	119	42 (14); mean (SD)	CD only	No	No
Targownik et al[11]	2012	Canada	Follow-up study with data extracted from population-based Manitoba IBD research registry	Yes	86; UC: n = 32; CD: n = 50; Unclass: n = 4	46.7 (14.9); mean (SD); 46 (35-57) median (IQR)	UC and CD	No	Yes; 4.3 ± 0.3 yr	Same cohort used as in Leslie et al[19] (2008)
Tsai et al[12]	2015	Taiwan	Follow-up case control study with data extracted from population-based registry	No	3141; UC: n = 1489; CD: n = 1652	46.7 (35.6-61.0); median (IQR)	UC and CD	Yes; n = 12564	Yes; 6.49 ± 3.09 yr	Diagnosis of osteoporosis based on ICD-10 codes

¹BMD scores derived from DXA scan.

²published in May.

³published in November. CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; IQR: interquartile range; Unclass.: unclassified; IBD: inflammatory bowel diseases.