Simultaneous transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and portal vein embolization for patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma before major hepatectomy

Table 1 Demographic and pathological characteristics

Characteristics	siTP group (n = 13)	seTP group (n = 17)	PVE-only group (n = 21)	P value
Male, n (%)	10 (77)	13 (76)	17 (81)	0.935
Age (yr)	51.5 ± 10.0	54.0 ± 11.2	59.2 ± 8.3	0.068
Etiology, n (%)				0.928
HBV	9 (69)	12 (70)	15 (71)
Alcoholic	1 (8)	2 (12)	2 (10)
NASH	3 (23)	3 (18)	3 (14)
Schistosomiasis	0	0	1 (5)
ECOG performance status, n (%)				0.725
0	10 (77)	13 (76)	18 (86)
1	3 (23)	4 (24)	3 (14)
Tumor multiplicity, n (%)				0.809
Single	11 (85)	14 (82)	15 (71)
Multiple	2 (15)	3 (18)	6 (29)
Tumor size (cm)	8.4 ± 2.7	8.3 ± 2.3	7.7 ± 1.9	0.630
ICGR15 (%)	5.7 ± 3.0	5.0 ± 2.6	6.0 ± 2.7	0.511
Baseline FLR (%)	31.2 ± 3.7	31.8 ± 4.5	33.2 ± 3.5	0.150
AFP (ng/mL)	377 (11-3419)	487 (16-12000)	551 (9-10344)	0.640
ALT (U/mL)	30.2 ± 13.8	40.5 ± 26.0	40.4 ± 24.0	0.380
AST (U/mL)	39.5 ± 16.2	58.2 ± 40.0	49.5 ± 20.8	0.212
TBIL (μg/mL)	19.0 ± 5.1	17.4 ± 5.2	21.2 ± 6.9	0.147

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; ICGR15: Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min; FLR: Future liver remnant; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; seTP: Sequential TACE + PVE; siTP: Simultaneous TACE + PVE.