Multiphase computed tomography radiomics of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms to predict malignancy

Table 4 Arterial phase radiomics features (P < 0.05) for the intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm study cohort

Variables	SD	P value	OR per 1 SD increase	95%CI lower	Upper	AUC (95%CI)
Log2 (energy_HU)	2.588	0.002	4.14	1.69	10.14	0.806 (0.674-0.937)
Log2 (max_HU)	1.002	0.008	4.13	1.46	11.72	0.787 (0.648-0.927)
Log2 (GLCM_energy)	0.778	0.007	0.28	0.11	0.7	0.775 (0.635-0.915)
Log2 (GLCM_ASM)	1.555	0.007	0.28	0.11	0.7	0.775 (0.635-0.915)
GLCM_entropy	1.666	0.007	3.42	1.41	8.29	0.769 (0.624-0.914)
Entropy_HU	0.319	0.007	3.01	1.36	6.66	0.763 (0.619-0.907)
Compactness2_mm	0.15	0.015	0.32	0.13	0.8	0.749 (0.598-0.900)
Sphericity_mm	0.081	0.023	0.3	0.11	0.85	0.749 (0.598-0.900)
Spherical_disproportion_mm	0.14	0.038	3.78	1.08	13.24	0.749 (0.598-0.900)
Root_mean_square	14.8	0.012	4.21	1.38	12.88	0.747 (0.604-0.890)
Log2 (GLCM_row_mean)	0.983	0.028	4.16E+17	106.87	1.62E+33	0.726 (0.575-0.877)
Log2 (surface_area_mm2)	1.624	0.012	2.63	1.24	5.57	0.721 (0.554-0.888)
Volumetric_length_mm	26.97	0.049	2.62	1.01	6.78	0.721 (0.554-0.888)
Transverse_length_mm	18.4	0.03	2.61	1.1	6.18	0.719 (0.556-0.881)
Mean_HU	16.22	0.022	2.62	1.15	5.96	0.715 (0.561-0.869)
Median_HU	15.71	0.026	2.56	1.12	5.82	0.712 (0.557-0.867)
Log2 (GLCM_col_mean)	0.896	0.038	5.04E+12	5.51	4.61E+24	0.696 (0.539-0.854)
Surface_area_to_volume_ratio_mm	0.19	0.032	0.43	0.2	0.93	0.672 (0.496-0.848)
Mean_deviation_HU	4.72	0.042	2.24	1.03	4.85	0.668 (0.507-0.829)

SD: Standard deviation; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; AUC: Area under the curve; HU: Hounsfield units; GLCM: Gray level co-occurrence matrix; ASM: Angular second moment.