Macrophages in metabolic associated fatty liver disease

Figure 1 Macrophage polarisation and activation. Macrophages polarize to sub-phenotypes with specific biological functions in response to signals from their microenvironment. These include signals from adipocytokines and myokines, the gut liver axis and toll-like receptor activation, damaged hepatocytes, reactive oxygen species, genetic and epigenetic factors. The process of macrophage activation is a critical determinant of disease progression and is a target for potential treatment. ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TLR: Toll-like receptor.