Preoperative albumin levels predict prolonged postoperative ileus in gastrointestinal surgery

Table 1 Correlation between preoperative albumin and clinicopathologic variables in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

Characteristics	Total cohort	Subgroups of preoperative albumin		P value
	n = 311	< 39.15, n = 135	≥ 39.15, n = 176
Sex				0.364
Female	93 (29.90%)	44 (32.59%)	49 (27.84%)
Male	218 (70.10%)	91 (67.41%)	127 (72.16%)
Age (yr)	58.98 ± 10.98	60.52 ± 10.77	57.80 ± 11.03	0.030
Categorical variable				0.007
< 60	156 (50.16%)	56 (41.48%)	100 (56.82%)
≥ 60	155 (49.84%)	79 (58.52%)	76 (43.18%)
Body mass index (kg/m2)	24.43 ± 3.23	24.14 ± 3.11	24.65 ± 3.31	0.173
Categorical variable				0.136
< 25	174 (55.95%)	82 (60.74%)	92 (52.27%)
≥ 25	137 (44.05%)	53 (39.26%)	84 (47.73%)
Previous abdominal surgery				0.178
No	252 (81.03%)	114 (84.44%)	138 (78.41%)
Yes	59 (18.97%)	21 (15.56%)	38 (21.59%)
Preoperative albumin (g/L)	39.77 ± 3.67	36.46 ± 2.33	42.30 ± 2.19	< 0.001
Preoperative K+ (mmol/L)	3.96 ± 0.32	3.94 ± 0.34	3.98 ± 0.31	0.306
Categorical variable				0.948
< 3.96	155 (49.84%)	67 (49.63%)	88 (50.00%)
≥ 3.96	156 (50.16%)	68 (50.37%)	88 (50.00%)
Type of cancer				0.701
Gastric cancer	162 (52.09%)	72 (53.33%)	90 (51.14%)
Colorectal cancer	149 (47.91%)	63 (46.67%)	86 (48.86%)
Surgical technique				0.868
Endoscopic surgery	215 (69.13%)	94 (69.63%)	121 (68.75%)
Open surgery	96 (30.87%)	41 (30.37%)	55 (31.25%)
Tumor stage				0.094
I-II	133 (43.46%)	65 (48.87%)	68 (39.31%)
III-IV	173 (56.54%)	68 (51.13%)	105 (60.69%)
Postoperative opioid analgesic				0.983
No	191 (61.41%)	83 (61.48%)	108 (61.36%)
Yes	120 (38.59%)	52 (38.52%)	68 (38.64%)
PPOI				0.028
No	244 (78.46%)	98 (72.59%)	146 (82.95%)
Yes	67 (21.54%)	37 (27.41%)	30 (17.05%)

Data are presented as number of patients or mean ± standard error. PPOI: Prolonged postoperative ileus.