Operative complications and economic outcomes of cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

Table 3 Complication rates and types, n (%)

Variable	Same admission cholecystectomy (n = 486)	Delayed cholecystectomy (n = 68)	P value
Total patients with at least 1 complication	90 (18.5)	3 (4.4)	0.004a
Tokyo Grade 1	37 (12.4)	3 (8.3)	0.480
Tokyo Grade 2	46 (26.4)	0 (0.0)	< 0.001a
Tokyo Grade 3	7 (53.8)	0 (0.0)	1
Subtotal cholecystectomy	37 (7.6)	0 (0.0)	0.016a
Death	3 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	1
Hepatobiliary
Common bile duct injury	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	–
Bile leak	9 (1.9)	0 (0.0)	0.610
Retained stone	12 (2.5)	0 (0.0)	0.377
Cholangitis	2 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	1
Biliary stenosis	3 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	1
Infection
Wound infection	10 (2.1)	0 (0.0)	0.620
Abscess	2 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	1
Sepsis	1 (0.2)	1 (1.5)	0.231
Clostridium difficile colitis	3 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	1
Intravenous catheter infection	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Cardiovascular
Hemorrhage	4 (0.8)	1 (1.5)	0.482
Hemorrhagic shock	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Cardiogenic shock	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Congestive heart failure exacerbation	3 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	1
Chest pain	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Respiratory
Pneumonia	4 (0.8)	1 (1.5)	0.482
Respiratory failure	2 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	1
Pulmonary embolism	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Pulmonary edema	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Pleural effusion	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Gastrointestinal
Pancreatitis	6 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Gastroenteritis	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Small bowel injury	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Ileus	2 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	1
Hernia
Ventral hernia	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Incisional hernia	2 (0.4)	1 (1.5)	0.325
Other
Seizure	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1
Wound dehiscence	2 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	1
Reactive hydrocele	1 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	1

Level of significance was

^aP < 0.05.