CARMA3/NF-κB signaling contributes to tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and is inhibited by sodium aescinate

Figure 4 Sodium aescinate inhibits the proliferation and colony formation and induces early apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. A: Sodium aescinate (SA) significantly inhibited the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells but had no effects on liver cells; B: Cell viability of HCC cells treated at different doses of SA and for different durations; C: SA induced early apoptosis in HCC cells; D: SA suppressed colony formation capacity in HCC cells (^aP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.001 vs control).