Prognostic value of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen/tumor size in rectal cancer

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival and disease-free survival

	Training cohort (n = 371)			Validation cohort (n = 185)
OS	Hazard radio	95%CI	P-value	Hazard radio	95%CI	P-value
Age	1.02	1.00-1.04	0.023a	1.05	1.02-1.09	0.003a
TNM1 (ref = stage I)	1.47	1.04-2.07	0.031a	1.84	1.04-3.24	0.035a
Differentiation1 (ref = poor)	0.57	0.39-0.85	0.006a	0.50	0.28-0.90	0.021a
CEA/tumor size (ref = low)	2.18	1.28-3.73	0.004a	4.83	2.21-10.52	<0.001a
DFS
TNM1 (ref = stage I)	1.75	1.32-2.32	<0.001a	1.43	0.94-2.17	0.091
Lymphovascular invasion (ref = negative)	1.85	1.08-3.16	0.024a	2.45	1.00-6.03	0.05
CEA/tumor size (ref = low)	1.47	0.93-2.33	0.096	2.61	1.38-4.95	0.003a

¹These variables were treated as ordinal categorical data;

^aP < 0.05. CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval; ref: Reference; OS: Overall survival; DFS: Disease-free survival.