Nested case-control study on risk factors for opportunistic infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 3 Risk factors for opportunistic infection in inflammatory bowel disease patients (univariate analysis)

	Cases (n = 70)	Controls (n = 140)	P-value	Odds ratio	95%CI
Disease activity
Remission	25	85	Reference
Mildly active	20	40	0.145	1.673	0.837-3.345
Moderate	14	13	0.004	3.604	1.505-8.626
Severe	11	2	<0.001	18.404	3.833-88.375
Treatment
5-ASA	20	83	Reference
Any IS	8	12	0.047	2.668	1.012-7.033
Any two IS	10	4	<0.001	10.375	2.948-36.508
Infliximab	13	24	0.109	1.992	0.857-4.632
5-ASA + any IS	11	9	0.002	5.072	1.853-13.887
Infliximab + any IS	9	7	0.003	5.336	1.773-16.058
FC > ULN	57	69	<0.001	4.431	2.265-8.667
CRP > ULN	26	18	<0.001	3.98	1.994-7.944
ESR > ULN	25	18	<0.001	3.744	1.87-7.494

5-ASA: 5-aminosalicylic acid; IS: Immunosuppressant (steroids, thiopurine, thalidomide, tacrolimus, or methotrexate); FC: Fecal calprotectin; CRP: C-reaction protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ULN: Upper limit of normal; CI: Confidence interval.