Organoids of liver diseases: From bench to bedside

Figure 3 Application of liver organoids in benign hepatic diseases. A: A fine needle is used to puncture Wilson disease tissue and other genetically deficient liver tissues; 3D organoid culture technology is used to obtain the corresponding gene-deficient liver organoids, copper accumulation is identified inside the organoids, and the further using a CRISPR/Cas9 system is used to correct defective genes, thereby significantly reducing copper accumulation in liver organoids; B: A fine needle is used to puncture normal liver tissue, and normal liver organoids are obtained by the 3D organoid culture technique. Free fatty acids are added to the culture medium, and the liver cells in the organoids show lipid accumulation. FFA: Free fatty acids.