Anti-tumor necrosis factor α therapy associates to type 17 helper T lymphocytes immunological shift and significant microbial changes in dextran sodium sulphate colitis

Figure 1 Experimental design of the dextran sulfate sodium colitis model. Acute colitis was induced by administration of 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to drinking water (DSS) for 5 d. At 3^rd d, one singular injections of an anti-tumor necrosis factor α was administrated. Each group counts 20 mice: 10 mice were sacrificed at day 5, 10 mice at day 12 after 1 wk of recovery post-DSS. DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium; TNFα: Tumor necrosis factor α.