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©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 28, 2018; 24(44): 5025-5033
Published online Nov 28, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i44.5025
Published online Nov 28, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i44.5025
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients before and after inverse probability weighting n (%)
| Characteristics | Unweighted | Inverse probability weighting | ||||||
| All patients(n = 274) | Urgent endoscopy(n = 173) | Non-urgent endoscopy(n = 101) | P value | All patients(n = 272) | Urgent endoscopy(n = 172) | Non-urgent endoscopy(n = 100) | P value | |
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Age (yr) | 58.05 ± 12.10 | 57.62 ± 12.09 | 58.77 ± 12.22 | 0.45 | 58.14 ± 0.85 | 58.17 ± 1.03 | 58.10 ± 1.34 | 0.971 |
| Sex (male) | 207 (75.5) | 128 (74.0) | 79 (78.2) | 0.469 | 205 (74.6) | 127 (37.2) | 78 (37.4) | 0.956 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 149 (54.4) | 97 (56.1) | 52 (51.5) | 0.452 | 148 (54.8) | 97 (27.8) | 51 (27.0) | 0.830 |
| Prior variceal upper GI bleeding | 179 (65.3) | 110 (63.6) | 69 (68.3) | 0.511 | 178 (65.7) | 109 (32.3) | 69 (33.5) | 0.713 |
| Prior non-variceal upper GI bleeding | 8 (2.9) | 2 (1.2) | 6 (5.9) | 0.055 | 8 (2.9) | 2 (1.4) | 6 (1.5) | 0.890 |
| Initial hepatic encephalopathy | < 0.001 | 0.939 | ||||||
| None | 241 (88.0) | 164 (94.8) | 77 (76.2) | 239 (88.6) | 163 (44.5) | 76 (44.4) | ||
| Grade I-II | 16 (5.8) | 5 (2.9) | 11 (10.9) | 16 (5.4) | 5 (2.5) | 11 (2.9) | ||
| Grade III-IV | 17 (6.2) | 4 (2.3) | 13 (12.9) | 17 (5.7) | 4 (2.6) | 13 (3.1) | ||
| Initial ascites | 0.067 | 0.994 | ||||||
| None | 111 (40.5) | 77 (44.5) | 34 (33.7) | 111 (41.1) | 77 (20.3) | 34 (20.8) | ||
| Mild | 77 (28.1) | 50 (28.9) | 27 (26.7) | 76 (29.4) | 49 (14.7) | 27 (14.7) | ||
| Moderate to severe | 86 (31.4) | 46 (26.6) | 40 (39.6) | 85 (29.5) | 46 (14.6) | 39 (14.9) | ||
| Etiology | 0.985 | 0.930 | ||||||
| HBV | 137 (50.0) | 86 (49.8) | 51 (50.5) | 136 (49.7) | 86 (24.4) | 50 (25.33) | ||
| HCV | 25 (9.1) | 16 (9.2) | 9 (8.9) | 25 (9.4) | 16 (5.4) | 9 (4.0) | ||
| Alcohol | 69 (25.2) | 43 (24.9) | 26 (25.7) | 68 (24.0) | 42 (12.3) | 26 (12.7) | ||
| Others | 43 (15.7) | 28 (16.2) | 15 (14.9) | 43 (16.0) | 28 (8.0) | 15 (8.0) | ||
| Vital signs | ||||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 117 ± 26 | 116 ± 26 | 120 ± 26 | 0.221 | 118 ± 2 | 116 ± 2 | 119 ± 3 | 0.408 |
| Heart rate (beat/min) | 95 ± 18 | 96 ± 19 | 94 ± 17 | 0.551 | 95 ± 1 | 95 ± 1 | 95 ± 2 | 0.827 |
| Laboratory values | ||||||||
| Hemoglobin | 9.2 ± 2.5 | 9.0 ± 2.5 | 9.6 ± 2.5 | 0.044 | 9.1 ± 0.2 | 8.8 ± 0.2 | 9.3 ± 0.3 | 0.105 |
| Platelet count (103/mL) | 117 + 79 | 118 ± 78 | 114 ± 80 | 0.701 | 118 ± 5 | 119 ± 6 | 118 ± 8 | 0.917 |
| Total bilirubin | 3.8 ± 5.8 | 3.5 ± 5.3 | 4.5 ± 6.5 | 0.148 | 3.7 ± 0.4 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 0.817 |
| Serum albumin | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 0.702 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 4.0 ± 0.1 | 0.736 |
| Prothromin time (INR) | 1.6 ± 1.8 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 2.9 | 0.046 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 0.157 |
| Serum creatinine | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 1.4 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 0.24 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.07 |
| MELD score | 15.9 ± 7.8 | 15.4 ± 6.9 | 16.9 ± 9.2 | 0.112 | 15.6 ± 0.5 | 15.6 ± 0.5 | 15.6 ± 0.8 | 0.964 |
| Prognostic scores | ||||||||
| Glasgow-Blatchford score | 9.1 ± 3.5 | 9.2 ± 3.3 | 9.1 ± 3.9 | 0.818 | 9.3 ± 0.2 | 9.3 ± 0.3 | 9.3 ± 0.4 | 0.907 |
| Rockall score | 3.9 ± 1.4 | 4.0 ± 1.4 | 3.6 ± 1.5 | 0.021 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 3.9 ± 0.1 | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 0.875 |
| Endoscopy | ||||||||
| Time to endoscopy, hours, median (IQR) | 12.7 (2.8-16.5) | 4.0 (2.1-6.8) | 19.5 (15.0-35.5) | < 0.001 | 12.5 (2.8-16.4) | 4.0 (2.2-6.8) | 19.5 (15.1-35.4) | < 0.001 |
- Citation: Yoo JJ, Chang Y, Cho EJ, Moon JE, Kim SG, Kim YS, Lee YB, Lee JH, Yu SJ, Kim YJ, Yoon JH. Timing of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy does not influence short-term outcomes in patients with acute variceal bleeding. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24(44): 5025-5033
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v24/i44/5025.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v24.i44.5025