Helicobacter pylori promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by enhancing heparanase expression

Table 3 Correlation analyses of Helicobacter pylori infection, heparanase and mitogen-activated protein kinase expression, and gastric cancer pathological characteristics n (%)

Parameter	Cases (n)	H. pylori infection		P value	HPA expression		P value	MAPK expression		P value
		Positive	Negative		Positive	Negative		Positive	Negative
Age (yr)
< 60	46	32 (32.3)	14 (14.1)	0.816	31 (31.3)	14 (14.1)	0.8731	22 (22.2)	24 (24.2)	0.619
≥ 60	53	38 (38.4)	15 (15.2)		38 (38.4)	16 (16.2)		28 (28.3)	25 (25.3)
Gender
Male	61	46 (46.5)	15 (15.2)	0.193	42 (42.4)	18 (18.2)	0.935	27 (27.3)	34 (34.3)	0.115
Female	38	24 (24.2)	14 (14.1)		27 (27.3)	12 (12.1)		23 (23.2)	15 (15.2)
Lymph node metastasis
Without	42	24 (24.2)	18 (18.2)	0.011	23 (23.2)	19 (19.2)	0.006	24 (24.2)	18 (18.2)	0.257
With	57	46 (46.5)	11 (11.1)		46 (46.5)	11 (11.1)		26 (26.3)	31 (31.3)
Tumour diameter
< 40 mm	57	40 (40.4)	17 (17.2)	0.892	39 (39.4)	17 (17.2)	0.989	25 (25.3)	32 (32.3)	0.123
≥ 40 mm	42	30 (30.3)	12 (12.1)		30 (30.3)	13 (13.1)		25 (25.3)	17 (17.2)
Differentiation degree
Poorly	40	28 (28.3)	12 (12.1)	0.899	26 (26.3)	14 (14.1)	0.402	23 (23.2)	17 (17.2)	0.252
Highly and moderately	59	42 (42.4)	17 (17.2)		43 (43.3)	16 (16.2)		27 (27.3)	32 (32.3)
Invasive depth
T1/2	39	31 (31.3)	8 (8.1)	0.122	33 (33.3)	6 (6.1)	0.009	24 (24.2)	15 (15.2)	0.077
T3/4	60	39 (39.4)	21 (21.2)		36 (36.4)	24 (24.2)		26 (26.3)	34 (34.3)

HPA: Heparanase; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.