C-peptide as a key risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States population

Table 3 Risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from step-wise logistic regression

	Beta	Standard error	Odds ratio	Change in pseudo R2	P value
Demographic
Race/ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)	0.2969	0.1162	1.35	0.18%	0.011
Mexican American	0.5495	0.1207	1.73	0.57%	0.020
Body measurement
Waist circumference (cm)	0.0308	0.0035	1.03	2.13%	< 0.001
Biochemistry tests
Ferritin (ng/mL)	0.0013	0.0004	1.00	0.15%	< 0.001
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	0.0008	0.0004	1.00	0.32%	< 0.001
Liver chemistry
ALT (U/L)1	0.5658	0.0875	1.76	1.16%	< 0.001
Total protein (g/dL)	0.5319	0.1045	1.70	0.72%	< 0.001
Diabetes testing profile
HbA1c (%)1	0.9266	0.2492	2.53	0.38%	< 0.001
Fasting C-peptide (pmol/mL)	0.6009	0.0877	1.82	1.33%	< 0.001

¹Log transformation was applied to this factor before including in regression model. Note: Pseudo R² = 16.68%; constant (Y-intercept) = 0.0000153; change in Pseudo R² is an incremental increase in Pseudo R² resulting from adding variable to model last. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin.