ATP-binding cassette transporters in progression and clinical outcome of pancreatic cancer: What is the way forward?

Table 1 Selected ATP-binding cassette transporters, their normal physiological expression and overexpression in cancer tissues[117,171]

ABC transporter	Tissue expression	Cancer overexpression	Correlation with PDAC survival (5-yr survival)
ABCA
ABCA1	Lung, colon, liver, brain, testicles	Glioma, lung, testis, liver, colorectal, breast, renal cancer,	H: 21%
			L: 29%
ABCA7	Bone marrow, brain, kidney, colon, lung pancreas	Melanoma, Lung, cervical, stomach, endometrial, colorectal, pancreatic cancer	H: 38%
			L: 0%
ABCB
ABCB1	Brain, blood-brain barrier, colon, liver, kidney, testis, placenta, small intestine, pancreas	Ovarian, breast, colon, kidney, adrenocortical cancer, AML	H: 34%
			L: 20%
ABCB4	Liver	Liver, lung, renal cancer, melanoma	H: 49%
			L: 22%
ABCC
ABCC1	Kidney, colon, pancreas, lymph nodes, liver, testis, brain, blood-brain barrier, breasts, spleen,	Breast, lung, ovarian or prostate cancer, neuroblastoma	H: 13%
			L: 43%
ABCC2	Brain, lymph nodes, liver, colon, kidney, lung, testis, breasts, pancreas	Colorectal, liver, lung, gastric cancer	H: 29%
			L: 27%
ABCC3	Pancreas, liver, lymph nodes, lung, adrenal glands, colon, testis, spleen, small intestine	Pancreatic, liver, lung, colorectal, stomach, renal, breast cancer	H: 13%
			L: 41%
ABCC4	Brain, testis, colon, kidney adrenal glands, pancreas, liver, ovary, lung, spleen, breasts, skin, heart	Prostate, renal, lung, breast, ovarian, stomach cancer	H: 32%
			L: 23%
ABCC5	Lymph nodes, pancreas, kidney, testis, brain, colon, liver, heart, muscles	Lung, urothelial, breast, cervical, renal cancer, glioma	H: 34%
			L: 0%
ABCG
ABCG1	Pancreas, liver, colon, kidney, brain, lung, lymph nodes, testis	Lung, renal, breast, endometrial, prostate, colorectal, cervical, pancreatic cancer, glioma	H: 34%
			L: 0%
ABCG2	Intestine, testis, colon, placenta, liver, kidney, small intestine	Liver, testis, prostate, renal cancer, glioma	H: 32%
			L: 23%
ABCG4	Brain, endocrine, testis, colon, liver, kidney	Glioma, melanoma, thyroid, head and neck, renal, testis, ovarian, endometrial cancer	H:43%
			L: 23%

The correlation between the overexpression of the transporters in PDAC and observed 5-year survival is also demonstrated[117]. H: High expression of the transporter; L: Low expression of the transporter. Statistically significant association is highlighted in bold. AML: Acute myeloid leukaemia; PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; ABC: ATP-binding cassette.