Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy for gastric outlet obstruction in patients with unresectable hepatopancreatobiliary cancers: A personal series and systematic review of the literature

Table 5 Technical options for gastric outlet obstruction: advantages and disadvantages

Procedure	Advantages	Disadvantages
Open GJ	Bypass of tumor	Most invasive procedure
	Established surgical procedure	Longer LOS
	Lower re-intervention rate	Nutritional status
	Good long-term results	Critically ill patients
Laparoscopic GJ	Bypass of tumor	Invasive procedure
	Lower re-intervention rate	Longer LOS
	Established surgical procedure	Nutritional status
	Less invasive than open GJ	Critically ill patients
	Good long-term results
Endoscopic enteral stent	Short procedure time	Stent migration
	Established endoscopic procedure	Patency
	Broad indication regardless patient condition
	Short LOS
	Good short-term results
EUS-GJ	Bypass of tumor	Special device
	Short procedure time	Non-establish endoscopic procedure
	Short LOS	Serious adverse events
	Less invasive

EUS-GJ: Endoscopic ultrasound gastrojejunostomy; GJ: Gastrojejunostomy; LOS: Length of stay.