Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Gastroenterol. May 7, 2018; 24(17): 1839-1858
Published online May 7, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i17.1839
Figure 5
Figure 5 Mechanism underlying immune functions of CTLA-4 and PD-1-PD-L pathways. A: CTLA-4 has a higher binding affinity to CD80/CD86 than the co-stimulatory signal molecule CD28. As a consequence, CTLA-4 competitively antagonizes the stimulatory signal, which the interaction between CD80/86 and CD28 generates at the priming phase of T cells. B: The PD-L1/L2-PD-1 interaction interferes with T cell activation signals in the effector phase.