Increased intestinal mucosal leptin levels in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Table 2 Correlation between leptin level and clinical and experimental parameters in irritable bowel syndrome patients

	Leptin expression	Leptin mRNA
Questionnaire
IBS-SSS	0.417 (0.006)1	0.678 (< 0.001)
HAMA	0.540 (< 0.001)	0.675 (< 0.001)
HAMD	0.488 (0.001)	0.589 (< 0.001)
Visceral sensitivity
First sensation	-0.438 (0.004)1	-0.604 (< 0.001)
Defecating sensation	-0.654 (< 0.001)	-0.480 (0.001)
Maximum tolerance	-0.576 (< 0.001)	-0.706 (< 0.001)
Mucosal parameter
Mast cell activation rate (%)	0.510 (0.001)	0.430 (0.005)1
Leptin mRNA	0.666 (< 0.001)	NA
Leptin expression	NA	0.666 (< 0.001)

¹Without significance after Bonferroni correction (adjusted P < 0.0038). Spearman’s correlation coefficients are expressed with P values in parentheses. IBS-D: Iirritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea; IBS-SSS: IBS Symptom Severity Scale; HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Scale; NA: Not applicable.