Pseudopolyps in inflammatory bowel diseases: Have we learned enough?

Table 4 Summary of characteristics of pseudopolyps and other polypoid lesions in inflammatory bowel disease

Pseudopolyps and polypoid manifestation	Characterization
Location	Upper gastrointestinal tract
	Small bowel
	Large bowel
	Both small and large intestine
	Special location (pouch)
Size	< 1.5 cm
	> 1.5 (giant)
Number	< 10
	> 10 multiple
Pattern of distribution	Congested
	Scarce
Years since disease onset	< 1 yr
	1-5 yr
	> 5 yr
Bowel background mucosa	Relapsed
	Remission
Endoscopic appearance	Obstructing
	Bridging (mural bridging lesions)
	Penduculated
	Filiform (digitiform or fingerlike)
	Flat
	Mixed type (> 2 types of previous categories)
	Long, glistering, with or without exudate
	Resectable or not
	Definite borders, not stricturing
Histology	Inflammatory
	Adenomatous
	Dysplastic low-grade (DALM)
	Dysplastic high-grade (DALM)
	Serrated
IBD type	Ulcerative colitis
	Crohn's disease
	Indeterminate colitis
Follow-up	Reduction in number
	Reduction in size
	Increase in number
	Increase in size

DALM: Dysplasia-associated lesion or mass; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.