Double-balloon enteroscopy-assisted dilatation avoids surgery for small bowel strictures: A systematic review

Table 2 Inclusion and exclusion criteria of the included studies

Author	Year of publication	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Yamamoto et al[13]	2004	- Retrospective review of all DBEs	- NR
		- Dilatation criteria NR
Pohl et al[16]	2006	- Known or suspected CD and proven or suspicious small bowel strictures	- Strictures > 5 cm or including significant angulation or severe active inflammation with ulcerations
		- Dilatation criteria NR
Ohmiya et al[17]	2009	- Patients with SBO	- Acute obstruction with strangulation or suspected perforation
		- The stricture was assumed to be restricted within narrow limits in the small bowel assessed by radiologic imaging	- A stricture with a deep open ulcer
		- A second dilation session was only performed if obstructive symptoms recurred
Despott et al[18]	2011	- CD patients with small bowel stricture	- Strictures > 5 cm
		- Dilatation criteria NR
Hayashi et al[19]	2008	- Retrospective case series of all patients who had undergone DBE	-NR
		- In the case of a diaphragm-like stricture, all the strictures were dilated
Hirai et al[11]	2014	CD patients with:	- Stricture of the ileocolonic anastomosis
		- Small bowel strictures causing obstructive symptoms	- Post-dilatation observation period < 6 mo
		- Stricture length ≤ 5 cm	- Patients who did not meet dilatation criteria
		- No associated fistula or abscess
		- no deep ulcer
		- No severe curvature of the stricture
Gill et al[20]	2014	- Retrospective review: All patients with suspected strictures in the small bowel undergoing DBE	- Patients with severely ulcerated or inflamed strictures
		- Dilatation criteria NR	- Patients in whom the scope could not traverse the stricture
Irani et al[21]	2012	- Clinical and radiological evidence (CT or small bowel follow through) of small bowel obstruction	- Malignant strictures and masses found either at video capsule endoscopy or DBE
Nishimura et al[22]	2011	- Patients with ischemic enteritis and a segment of intestine that could not be passed by the enteroscope	- Deep ulcerations
		- Dilation was indicated when there were symptoms of intestinal obstruction and evidence of caliber change by CT scan
Fukumoto et al[23]	2007	A stricture was defined by 1 or more of the following criteria:	-Asymptomatic patient (even when the endoscope did not pass through the stricture)
		- DBE showed the internal diameter of the bowel lumen to be < 10 mm or the endoscope could not pass through the lesion
		- The patient complained of obstructive symptoms
		- Stricture was suggested or identified by other modalities.
Sunada et al[24]	2016	- Retrospective review of all DBEs	-NR
		- Dilatation criteria NR
Kita et al[25]	2006	- Retrospective review of all DBEs	-NR
		- Dilatation criteria NR
Kroner et al[2]	2015	- Retrospective review of consecutive patients who were found to have small bowel stricture at the time of DBE	- Malignant (appearance of) strictures
		- Benign appearance of the stricture

CD: Crohn’s disease; NR: Not reported; SBO: Small bowel obstruction; DBE: Double balloon enteroscopy.