Chronic opioids in gastroparesis: Relationship with gastrointestinal symptoms, healthcare utilization and employment

Table 6 Frequency of symptoms in the past 3 mo using Rome IV questionnaire: comparison between gastroparesis patients with chronic scheduled opioid use and patients with no opioid use (percentage of patients with symptoms once a week or more often)

Symptom	GpCO	GpNO	P value
Post-prandial fullness interfering with activities	81.6% (31/38)	78.7% (118/150)	0.692
Unable to finish regular sized meal due to fullness	84.6% (33/39)	79.1% (117/148)	0.438
Epigastric pain/burning interfering with activities	75.0% (30/40)	66.9% (103/154)	0.324
Nausea interfering with activities	92.5% (37/40)	76.0% (117/154)	0.021
Vomiting	70.7% (29/41)	50.6% (78/154)	0.022
Bloating or stomach distension	72.5% (29/40)	68.8% (106/154)	0.653
Belching interfering with activities	62.5% (25/40)	51.3% (79/154)	0.206

GpCO: Gastroparesis patients on chronic opioids; GpNO: Gastroparesis patients not on opioids.