Trends and outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary tumors: A 25-year single-center study of 1000 consecutive cases

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors of development of post-operative pancreatic fistula

	Univariate	Multivariate	Exp(B)	95%CI for Exp(B)
	P-value	P-value		Lower	Upper
Age grouping > 60 yr	0.2
Sex	0.99
DM	0.58
BMI >25 kg/m2	0.0001	0.0001	6.468	4.193	9.977
Preoperative serum bilirubin > 10 mg%	0.62
Preoperative ERCP	0.52
Liver cirrhosis	0.05	0.328	0.699	0.341	1.434
Size of the tumor > 2 cm	0.91
Soft pancreas	0.0001	0.0001	0.218	0.14	0.341
Pancreatic duct diameter > 3 mm	0.0001	0.0001	0.182	0.118	0.279
Pancreatic duct closely related to posterior border of pancreas > 3 mm	0.0001	0.0001	0.372	0.243	0.57
Blood loss > 1000 mL	0.67
Blood transfusion	0.94
Type of pancreatic reconstruction	0.62
Duration of operation	0.75
Site of the tumor	0.34
Period of the study	0.001	0.001	0.615	0.461	0.82

BMI: Body mass index; DM: Diabetes mellitus; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.