Laparoscopic ultrasonography as an alternative to intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Table 3 Identification of biliary anatomy and variations

Author	Year	No. of Patients	Complete observation	Intrahepatic BD	Bifurcation	CHD	CBD	CD-CBD junction	Intra-pancreatic BD	Vascular visualization	Biliary anomalies	Foreshortened cystic duct (< 1 cm)	Abnormal cystic duct anatomy	Aberrant vascular anatomy
Tranter	2001	367	92%			92%	99%
Halpin	2002	380	90%				95%		94%
Tranter	2003	135	97.7%
Machi	2007	200	96.5%
Perry	2007	236	95.3%				98.5%							6.40%
Hakamada	2008	299	100%	100%1	88.6%-97.1%2		88.6%-99.4%2	91.4%-100%2	88.6%-98.3%2	89.3%-100%2
Hublet	2009	269	99%
Li	2009	103		95.7%		98.9	98.9%		73.8%
Machi	2009	1352	98%
Hashimoto	2010	200	-					94%3
Pfluke	2011	50	96%	100%			100%	98%	98%		40%	14%	8%	16%4
Gwinn	2013	44	100%

¹Not influenced by inflammation;

²Influenced by inflammation;

³Junction not identified when CBD < 5 mm;

⁴Accessory RHA (right hepatic artery) 8%, replaced RHA 6%, anterior cystic artery 2%. CHD: Common hepatic duct; CBD: Common bile duct.