Outcome of a session of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for problematic and large common bile duct stones

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy + endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography group and the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-only group n (%)

Demographic characteristic	ESWL + ERCP (n = 124)	ERCP only (n = 107)	P value
Age (yr)	71.2 ± 4.6	68.4 ± 6.1	0.647
Male	63 (50.8)	56 (52.3)	0.318
Prothrombin time/INR	1.14 ± 0.22	1.19 ± 0.34	0.382
Periampullary diverticulum	54 (43.5)	48 (44.9)	0.263
Pre-cut sphincterotomy	65 (52.4)	60 (56.1)	0.187
Calculi characteristic
Single	83	72
Multiple	41 (33.1)	35 (32.7)	0.371
Stone size	18.3 ± 2.5	16.6 ± 3.8	0.084
1.5-3.0 cm	104	93
> 3.0 cm	15 (12.1)	10 (9.3)	0.195

ESWL: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; INR: International normalized ratio.