Pancreas preserving distal duodenectomy: A versatile operation for a range of infra-papillary pathologies

Table 3 Published reports of distal duodenectomy

First Author	Year	No. of cases	Histology	Anastomosis	Complications	Outcome
Kerremans et al[8]	1979	1	1 adenocarcinoma	-	Jejunocutaneous fistula	Death at 20 mo
Kawano et al[9]	1995	1	1 GIST	1 end-to-side	-	NR
Maher et al[12]	1996	24	11 adenocarcinomas	10 end-to-end	1 death (anastomotic leak)	Adenocarcinoma;
			1 GIST	8 end-to-side	2 pancreatic fistulae	Median survival 18.5 mo
			2 adenomas	3 side-to-end	2 DGE	GIST; NR
			1 lymphoma	3 side-to-side	2 anastomotic bleeds
			1 liposarcoma
			2 Crohn’s disease
			5 trauma
			1 peptic ulceration
Sohn et al[13]	1998	2	2 adenocarcinomas	NR	2 cholangitis	NR
Suzuki et al[14]	1999	1	1 GIST	1 end-to-side	DGE	Alive/ well 2 yr postop
Orda et al[15]	2000	1	1 GIST	end-to-end	-	Alive/ well 13 yr postop
Ammori[16]	2002	1	1 benign stricture	side-to-side	Intra-abdominal bleeding	NR
Eisenberger et al[17]	2004	1	1 GIST	NR	-	Alive/ well 1 yr postop
Spalding et al[18]	2007	14	5 adenocarcinomas	14 end-to-end	1 death (cholecystitis)	Adenocarcinoma; 1 death at 3 mo,
			4 GIST		1 anastomotic stricture (reoperated)	Median survival 56 mo.
			1 adenoma		1 DGE
			1 lipoma		1 anastomotic bleed (reoperated)	GIST; 1 death at 3 mo,
			1 metastatic seminoma			Median survival 120 mo
			1 ulcer
			1 plasmacytoma
Cavaniglia et al[19]	2012	1	1 GIST	1 end-to-end	-	NR
Stauffer et al[3]	2013	1	5 adenomas	7 side-to-side	1 DGE	NR
			2 adenocarcinomas	2 end-to-side	1 pancreatic fistula
			1 lymphangiolipoma	gastrojejunostomy
			1 GIST
			1 NET
Waisberg et al[20]	2013	1	1 carcinoid	NR	NR	Death at 6 mo
Shimizu et al[21]	2015	1	1 adenoma	1 end-to-side	NR	NR
García-Molina et al[22]	2015	8	1 adenocarcinoma		1 death	Adenocarcinoma; 1 death at 12 mo
			5 GIST
			1 metastasis from lung			GIST; 5 Alive/ well at 4-6 yr
			1 colon cancer
Current series	2017	19	6 adenocarcinomas	19 side-to-side	1 recurrent adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma: 1 death at 18 mo
			5 adenomas		1 anastomotic Stricture	Alive/well 1 < 1 yr, 2 > 1 yr, 1 > 6 yr, 1 > 12 yr
			4 GIST		1 incisional hernia	GIST: Alive/ well 2 < 1 yr, 2 > 3 yr
			1 lipoma
			1 colon cancer
			1 bleeding diverticulum
			1 extrinsic compression

DGE: Delayed gastric emptying; GIST: Gastrointestinal stromal tumour; NET: Neuroendocrine tumor; NR: Not recorded.