Vitamin D differentially regulates Salmonella-induced intestine epithelial autophagy and interleukin-1β expression

Figure 7 Involvement of Atg16L1 in suppressed Salmonella-induced IL-1β mRNA expression in Caco-2 cell by 1,25D3. Caco-2 cells were transfected with control siRNA or Atg16L1 siRNA (siAtg16L1: siRNA to Atg16L1) for 48 h. Transfected Caco-2 cells were pretreated with 1,25D3 (D3) prior to wild-type S. typhimurium strain SL1344 (SL) infection for 1 h. Total RNA was prepared after infection and analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR to estimate amounts of IL-1β transcript. The amount of IL-1β mRNA produced, normalized to the corresponding amount of GAPDH transcript, is shown as the fold-increase over uninfected control cells (CON). Results are represented as mean ± SEM for at least three determinations from independent experiments. ^aP < 0.05.