Laparoscopic liver resection for posterosuperior tumors using caudal approach and postural changes: A new technical approach

Figure 5 Intraoperative findings in the caudal approach for S7 segmentectomy in the semi-prone position. A: Dissection and mobilization are easily performed, since the liver is hanging down from the retroperitoneum. The arrowheads indicate the tension on the retroperitoneum; B: The inferior vena cava (arrowheads) and the root of the right hepatic vein (arrows) are easily recognized and dissected after the liver mobilization from the right dorsal side; C: The right hepatic vein (arrowheads) is exposed on the transection plane in the S7 segmentectomy. This procedure is safely performed on the well-opened transection plane; D: After completion of the resection, a clear and stable view of the subphrenic area is obtained.