Relationship between ghrelin, Helicobacter pylori and gastric mucosal atrophy in hemodialysis patients

Table 3 Relationship between Helicobacter pylori status and plasma ghrelin level

H. pylori status	Non-infection	Past infection	Present infection	P value
Number	29	30	49
Male/female (n/n)	19/10	22/8	27/22	0.275
Age (yr)	67.9 ± 10.7	71.7 ± 11.3	67.6 ± 11.3	0.119
Body weight (kg)	51.2 ± 12.1	49.0 ± 8.3	51.9 ± 12.4	0.468
BMI (kg/m2)	19.9 ± 3.4	19.3 ± 2.3	21.0 ± 4.0	0.160
Albumin (g/dL)	3.5 ± 0.3	3.5 ± 0.4	3.3 ± 0.4	0.156
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	167.5 ± 36.1	149.5 ± 29.0	161.5 ± 44.2	0.175
Cholinesterase (U/L)	247.0 ± 109.3	228.5 ± 64.3	207.5 ± 75.3	0.310
Acyl-ghrelin (fmol/mL)	39.4 ± 23.0	23.4 ± 19.9a	19.5 ± 14.0a	< 0.001
Desacyl-ghrelin (fmol/mL)	353.2 ± 190.2	234.9 ± 137.5a	211.8 ± 124.2a	0.001
Pepsinogen I (ng/mL)	551.8 ± 319.2	286.5 ± 268.2a	269.3 ± 238.0a	< 0.001
Pepsinogen II (ng/mL)	46.4 ± 24.5	28.5 ± 17.4a	51.0 ± 39.9	0.002
Pepsinogen I/II	12.2 ± 4.5	9.3 ± 4.1a	5.3 ± 2.9a	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs the non-infection group. Values are presented as mean ± SD. BMI: Body mass index; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.