Factors associated with surgery in patients with intra-abdominal fistulizing Crohn's disease

Table 2 Association of different parameters with surgery within one year following imaging study n (%)

Clinical/laboratory/radiologic parameter	Surgery	No surgery	P value
Total no. of patients	59 (47)	67 (53)
Age at diagnosis > 18	43 (46)	50 (54)
Age at diagnosis < 18	16 (48)	17 (52)	0.49
No fistulous disease at presentation	47 (49)	48 (51)
Fistulous disease at presentation	12 (39)	21 (61)	0.20
No perianal disease	53 (46)	61 (54)
With perianal disease	6 (50)	6 (50)	0.52
Lab parameters
CRP < 5 mg/L	31 (45)	38 (55)
CRP > 5 mg/L	28 (49)	29 (51)	0.39
Albumin > 35 mg/L	39 (44)	49 (56)
Albumin < 35 mg/L	20 (53)	18 (47)	0.25
Fistula
One fistula	25 (37)	42 (63)	REF
Two fistulae	24 (50)	24 (50)	0.17
Three or more fistulae	10 (91)	1 (9)	0.009
Fistula type (anatomic)
Entero-enteric	47 (46)	56 (54)	REF
Entero-vesical	12 (80)	3 (20)	0.01
Entero-colonic	17 (49)	18 (51)	0.45
Entero-cutaneic	17 (63)	10 (37)	0.08
No lymphadenopathy	40 (44)	50 (56)
Lymphadenopathy	19 (53)	17 (47)	0.26
No stricture	40 (41)	57 (59)
Stricture	19 (66)	10 (34)	0.02
No abscess	35 (43)	47 (57)
Abscess	24 (55)	20 (45)	0.14
Bowel enhancement of 1	18 (43)	24 (57)
Bowel enhancement of ≥ 2	41 (49)	43 (51)	0.33
Treatment before imaging
No treatment with IM or anti-TNF	31 (44)	39 (56)	REF
Immunomodulators (IM)	13 (39)	20 (61)	0.98
Anti-TNF	6 (55)	5 (45)	0.46
Anti-TNF + IM	9 (75)	3 (25)	0.04
Treatment after imaging
No treatment with IM or anti-TNF	35 (65)	19 (35)	REF
IM	13 (46)	15 (54)	0.18
Anti-TNF	5 (26)	14 (74)	0.01
Anti-TNF + IM	0 (0)	12 (100)	0.01