First-line endoscopic treatment with over-the-scope clips significantly improves the primary failure and rebleeding rates in high-risk gastrointestinal bleeding: A single-center experience with 100 cases

Table 3 Demographics and characteristics n (%)

	Total (n = 93)	UGI (n = 63)	LGI (n = 30)	P value
Sex, male	58 (62)	38 (60)	20 (67)	0.361
Age (yr), median (IQR)	72 (19-98)	68 (27-92)	74 (19-93)	0.580
Complete Rockall score, median (IQR)	-	7 (3-10)	-	-
Anticoagulation	46 (50)	29 (46)	17 (56)	0.231
In-Hospital-Mortality	20 (22)	17 (27)	3 (10)	0.051
Lesions and clips	(n = 100)	(n = 69)	(n = 31)
Bleeding source
Ulcers	66	50 (72)	16 (52)	0.018
Other	34	19 (27)	15 (48)
Active bleeding1	82	56 (81)	26 (84)	0.492
First-line-therapy	61	39 (57)	22 (71)	0.125
Primary failure (including technical failure n = 2)	12	8 (12)	4 (13)	0.545
Rebleeding
complete	16 (16)	11 (16)	5 (16)	0.597

¹Forrest classification of ulcers Ia/Ib and spurting/oozing bleeding lesions. IQR: Interquartile range; UGI: Upper gastrointestinal tract; LGI: Lower gastrointestinal tract.