Hepatitis C virus prevalence and genotype distribution in Pakistan: Comprehensive review of recent data

Table 3 Hepatitis C virus in patients with liver disease

S. #	Year	Place	Method	Sample size	Seroprevalence (%)				Ref.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
1	2009	Punjab/KPK	ELISA1	145	76.5				[97]
2	2009	Pakistan	EIA2	82	79.2				[98]
3	2010	Karachi	-5	40	50				[94]
4	2013	Pakistan	ELISA4	645	48.5				[95]
5	2014	Hyderabad	ELISA4	188	66				[96]
Liver disease					AH	CH/CLD	Carrier	Cirrhosis
6	2009	Swat	ELISA4	110	-	-	-	63.6	[99]
7	2009	Pakistan	EIA2	107	-	62.6	-	24.3	[98]
8	2010	Karachi	-5	5153	7	72.9	51.7	59.4	[94]
Hepatic encephalopathy
9	2009	Hyderabad	-5	87	66.67				[100]
Suspected for viral hepatitis
10	2014	Islamabad	ELISA3	845	24.8				[101]

¹DRG Instruments, Germany;

²Abbott Diagnostics;

³Biokit;

⁴Manufacturer not mentioned in cited reference;

⁵Method not mentioned in cited reference. AH: Acute hepatitis; CH: Chronic hepatitis; CLD: Chronic liver disease; ELISA: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; EIA: Enzyme immunoassay; KPK: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.