Current status of laparoscopic and robotic ventral mesh rectopexy for external and internal rectal prolapse

Table 1 Conversion, intra- and postoperative complications following laparoscopic and robotic ventral mesh rectopexy with synthetic mesh n (%)

	n	Median FU (mo)	Intra-operative complications	Conversion	Postoperative complications
					Total	Minor (CD 1-2)	Major (CD 3-4)	Mortality (CD 5)
Laparoscopic studies
D'Hoore et al[6], 2004	42	61	0	2 (4.8)	2 (4.8)	2 (4.8)	0	0
D'Hoore et al[84], 2006	109	-	0	4 (3.7)	8 (7.3)	8 (7.3)	0	0
Slawik et al[62], 2008	80	54	-	1 (1.3)	7 (8.8)	7 (8.8)	0	0
van den Esschert et al[54], 2008	17	381	0	1 (5.9)	4 (23.5)	3 (17.6)	1 (5.9)	0
Boons et al[44], 2010	65	19	-	1 (1.5)	11 (16.9)	6 (9.2)	5 (7.7)	0
Collinson et al[51], 2010	75	12	0	1 (1.3)	4 (5.3)	3 (4)	0	0
Wijffels et al[85], 2011	80	23	-	1 (1.3)	10 (12.5)	9 (11.3)	1 (1.3)	0
Wong et al[36], 2011	40	6	0	4 (10.0)	5 (12.5)	5 (12.5)	0	0
Wong et al[52], 2011	84	29	4 (4.8)	3 (3.6)	3 (3.6)	2 (2.4)	1 (1.2)	0
Lauretta et al[24], 2012	30	13.91	-	0	2 (7.7)	0	2 (7.7)	0
Faucheron et al[86], 2012	175	74/602	0	3 (1.7)	8 (4.6)	5 (2.9)	3 (1.7)	0
Formijne Jonkers et al[23], 2013	233	30	0	6 (2.6)	11 (4.7)	7 (3.0)	4 (1.7)	0
Badrek-Amoudi et al[25], 2013	48	33	-	0	9 (18.8)	8 (16.7)	1 (2.1)	0
Maggiori et al[26], 2013	33	421	0	1 (3.0)	0	0	0	0
Mantoo et al[38], 2013	74	16	0	3 (4.1)	15 (20.0)	15 (20.0)	0	0
Mäkelä-Kaikkonen et al[37], 20143	20	3	0	0	1 (5.0)	0	1 (5.0)	0
Mackenzie et al[32], 2014	953	21	-	8 (1.3)	63 (6.6)	53 (5.6)	8 (0.8)	2 (0.2)
Ogilvie et al[30], 2014	29	15.4	1 (3.4)	0	3 (10.3)	2 (6.9)	1 (3.4)	0
Randall et al[31], 2014	190	29	1 (0.5)	5 (2.6)	22 (11.6)	11 (5.7)	8 (4.2)	2 (1.1)
Owais et al[53], 2014	68	42	0	0	11 (16.2)	10 (14.7)	1 (1.5)	0
Gosselink et al[29], 2015	91	12	0	0	5 (5)	4 (4.4)	0	0
Tsunoda et al[33], 2015	26	16	0	0	2 (7.7)	2 (7.7)	0	0
Consten/van Iersel et al[12], 2015	919	33.9/1202	3 (0.3)	20 (2.2)	203 (23.4)	153 (19.3)	50 (4.1)	1 (0.1)
Tsunoda et al[34], 2016	31	25	0	0	2 (6.5)	2 (6.5)	0	0
Robotic studies
Wong et al[36], 2011	23	6	0	1 (4.3)	1 (4.3)	0	0	0
Mantoo et al[38], 2013	74	164	0	1 (2.3)	5 (11.0)	5 (11.0)	0	0
Mäkelä-Kaikkonen et al[37], 20143	20	3	1 (5.0)	0	1 (5.0)	1 (5.0)	0	0

¹Mean instead of median;

²Percentages are Kaplan-Meier estimates at 60 and 120 mo of follow-up;

³The results of Wong, Mantoo and Mäkelä-Kaikkonen et al are displayed per technique;

⁴Not specified whether mean of median was used. FU: Follow-up; - : Not specified or not applicable.